第五节 细节题
★ 考查形式
The vast grasslands of the High Plains in the central United States were settled by farmers and ranchers in the 1880s. This region has a semiarid climate, and for 50 years after its settlement, it supported a low-intensity agricultural economy of cattle ranching and wheat farming. In the early twentieth century, however, it was discovered that much of the High Plains was underlain by a huge aquifer a rock layer containing large quantities of groundwater. This aquifer was named the Ogallala aquifer after the Ogallala Sioux Indians, who once inhabited the region.
According to paragraph 1, which of the following statements about the High Plains is true?
A. Until farmers and ranchers settled there in the 1880s, the High Plains had never been inhabited.
B. The climate of the High Plains is characterized by higher-than-average temperatures.
C. The large aquifer that lies underneath the High Plains was discovered by the Ogallala Sioux Indians.
D. Before the early 1900s there was only a small amount of farming and ranching in the High Plains.
这就是细节题的考查形式，根据某个段落或者某句话来作答，一般都是对文章的具体内容、细节内容进行提问。其常用的题干有：
（1）According to the paragraph, which of the following is true of A?
（2）The authors description of A mentions which of the following?
（3）According to the paragraph, A occurred because
（4）According to the paragraph, A did B because
（5）According to the paragraph, why did A do B?
这五个题干是最常用的，从3-5题干可以看出，托福阅读最惯于考查文章的因果关系，除此之外，也有可能考查时间、地点、方式、用处、意义等。
★ 题目特点
（1）细节题是托福阅读最大的题型，平均每篇文章3-6道；
（2）所见即所得，只需要读懂文章内容即可做题。
★ 考查内容
（1）关键信息定位能力，即读完题干后能尽快在文中锁定位置，找到题目和答案的出处；
（2）重要内容理解能力，即锁定位置以后，要能完整准确理解文章中该句话或者该段落的内容，尤其能从复杂的句子中捕捉到逻辑关系。
（3）当句子中出现新时间、新地点、新情况以及逻辑关系的时候，往往会出现考点。
总而言之，细节题的考查内容比较细，一般都考查一句话或者一段话的内容，
不需要总结归纳，只需要找到答案所在位置，之后读懂句子就可以做对题目。
★ 答题原则
从文中获取答案。
这是细节题最重要的答题原则，所见即所得，必须从文中找到，不能推断，不能根据自己的知识储备进行猜测，要充分理解文意，根据文章内容做题。
所有的答案都在文章中有显性或浅显性表述（不需要深入推断）。
正确选项特点
（1）原文重现；
（2）原文改写。
错误选项特点
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