新書推薦:
《
寻路:走向西南联大(西南联大文库)
》
售價:HK$
66.7
《
短视频Vlog全流程:镜头脚本+运镜技巧+场景主题+后期剪辑
》
售價:HK$
89.7
《
英国小史
》
售價:HK$
94.3
《
影响力原则
》
售價:HK$
78.2
《
德川家康(全十三册)(他用30年活了下来,建立起300年基业)
》
售價:HK$
918.9
《
新知文库·动人的北平
》
售價:HK$
34.3
《
萧条中的生存策略
》
售價:HK$
57.4
《
银色瀑布:美国兵工厂与中途岛海战
》
售價:HK$
79.4
|
內容簡介: |
Landdegradationisaprominentecologicalproblemindrylandareasandafocusofmanycountriesandin-temationalorganizations.Continualworseningoflanddegradationindrylandareascausednotonlydeclineofsoilfertilityandreductionoffoodproductiondirectlyimpactingonfarmers''livelihood,butalsodeterio-rationofecosystemsthreateningthefoundationforhumansurvival.Therefore,itisanobligatoryresponsi-bilityofcountries,internationalorganizationsandscientiststoimprovetheecologicalsituationindrylandareas,topreventlanddegradationandtoachievesustainablelandmanagementassoonaspossible.Chinahasawidedistributionofdrylandandlanddegradationissevere.Landdegradationhasbecomethekeyfactorrestrainingsustainableeconomicandsocialdevelopmentindrylandareas.Inordertoimprovetheecologicalconditionsindrylandareas,Chinesegovernmentanditspeoplehavetakenmanymeasuresforecologicalimprovementandprotectionandhavemadetremendousachievementsinlanddegradationpreventionandcontrol,obtainingaseriesofapplicableexperiencesandtechniqueswhichhavegreatlycon-tributedtoecologicalimprovementandlanddegradationcontrolindrylandareas.Whilecommittedtoecologicalimprovementandenvironmentprotection,Chinesegovernmentattachesgreatimportancetostrengtheninginternationalcooperationandexchange.In2002,ChinesegovernmentestablishedastrategicpartnershipwiththeGEFinlanddegradationcontrol,i.e.China-GEFpartnershiponlanddegradationindrylandecosystems.ThiswasthefirstpartnershipofGEFestablishedwithagovern-mentinecologicalfields.Thepartnershipwasaimedtocreateamultiagency,cross-sectorandinter-regionalintegratednaturalresourcemanagementsystem,anewapproachtoaddressinglanddegradationproblemfromthegrassroot.Thereforetostoplanddegradation,restoredrylandecosystems,reducepoverty,andpromotesustainabledevelopmentinwesternChinaandprotectionofglobalenvironment.
|
目錄:
|
1.FIXATIONOFSHIFTINGSANDS
GrassGridSandBarrier
HighVerticalLivingSandBarriers
VegetationEstablishmentbyAerialSeeding
2.SANDPREVENTIONANDCONTROLALONGTHE
RAILWAYSANDHIGHWAYS
SandyLandManagementforProtectingRailway
Bio-protectionSystemforDesertHighway
3.IMPROVEMENTOFDEGRADEDGRASSLAND
BarnFeedinginCaptiveofLivestock
RotationalGrazing
4.WATERANDSOILCONSERVATIONMEASURES
SiltStorageDam
CheckDam
Fish-ScalePitAdverse-SlopeSitePreparation
ZhuanglangLoessTerraces
5.AFFORESTATIONINARIDANDSEMI-ARIDAREAS
PlantationofPinussylvestrisvar.mongolicaatSandyland
FarmlandShelterbeltonDryland
DeepPlantingofPoplaratHighColdAridSandyLand
"TwoRowsinOneBelt"ForestationModel
6.AGROFORESTRYMANAGEMENT
WalnutandCropInterplantingonOasis
OasisShelterbeltNetworkwithNarrow-beltandSmall-grid
7.FARMINGPRACTICESANDSOILIMPROVEMENT
CultivationonStonySandLandSalinateLandTransformation
DrainagebyHiddenPipeforIrrigatedFarmland
8.WATERSAVINGANDCATCHMENT
MulchedDripIrrigation
RainwaterCellars
9.SANDINDUSTRY
ArtificialInoculationofCistanchedeserticolato
Haloxylonammodendron
IntegratedDevelopmentofSalixpsammophila
10.UTILIZATIONOFRENEWABLEENERGY
SolarStoveDevelopment
RuralWindPowerUtilization
BiogasDigester
Acknowledgements
|
內容試閱:
|
Highverticallivingbarrierisaprotectivebarriersetinthewindandsandstrickenareas.Thebarrierwithcertainheightandpenetrabilityismadeupofgrowingplantssuitablefordryandsandyconditionstoalleviatethewindandsanddriftingspeedthroughtherowsofplants,andfinallypilingupthedriftingsand.Itisaneffectivesandfixationapproachtoprotectinfrastructurefrombeingravaged.VastdesertsaredistributedinnorthChinawheresoilisseriouslydesertified.Therail-wayservicehasexperiencedfrequentsuspensionsinQingshuisectionofLanzhou-Xinjiangrailwaylinesufferingimmenseeconomiclosses.In1980s,therailwayde-partmentraisedfundstoconstructhighverticallivingbarrierwithtechnicalsupportprovidedbyGansuDesertControlResearchInstitute.Sinceitsoperation,theprojecthasplayedanimportantroleininterceptingsandencroachmentandprotectionofnor-maloperationofrailwayservice.Thehighverticallivingbarrierissetinastripformationintheareaswherewindanddeserthazardissevere.2-4beltsofwindbreakareproperfortheseriouslyaffectedareasand1-2beltsaresuitableforlightlyaffectedplaces.Specifically,thefirstbeltofwindbreakshouldbeplantedperpendiculartothewinddirectionabout200mtotherailtrackstobeprotectedatthewindwardside.Further,windbreaksshouldbeplantedin20mintervalstototal2-4beltsinparallelwiththefirstone.Calligonumklernentzii,Haloxylonammodendron,Salixpsammophila,etc.maybeplanted.25cmorlongercuttings,oroneyearoldseedlingsin30cmareproperfortheplantationofCalligonumandSalixpsammophila;oneyearoldseedlingsof30cminlengthsuitsplantingofHaloxylonammodendron.Initialdensityshouldbekeptin10-12treesm.Aftertreeplanted,dripirrigationorothertypesofirrigationshallbeappliedinlowmoisturedunestofacilitatesurvivaloftheplants.
……
|
|