CHAPTER 1 WORLD TRADF AND THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
DEFINITION
WHAT Is UNIQUE ABOUT INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS?
INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONS—AN EMPIRICAL GLIMPSE
FOREIGN TRADE IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
Aggregate Measures
Disaggregation
Qualitative Considerations
Summary
FORUMS FORTRADE AND MONETARY ISSUES
Summary
Important Concepts
Review Questions
ORGANIZATION OF THIS BOOK
PART Ⅰ INTERNATIONAL TRADE RElATIONS
INTRODUCTION
Review Question
CHAPTER 2 WHY NATIONS TRADE
THE PRINCIPLE OF COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
The Gains from Trade
Demand Considerations
COMPARATIVE OPPORTUNIIY COST
Who Exports What?
The Limits to Mutually Beneficial Exchange
Examples from U.S.Trade
ABSOLUTE ADVANTAGE AND WAGE RATES
SUMMARY OF POLICY IMPLICATIONS
DYNAMIC GAINS FROM INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Summary
Important Concepts
Review Questions
CHAPTER 3 THE COMMODITY COMPOSITION OF TRADE
THE FACTOR PROPORTIONS THEORY
Empirical Testing
ALTERNATIVE THEORIES
AN EMERGING CONSENSUS?
ECONOMIC ADJUSTMENT TO CHANGING
CIRCUMSTANCES
Summary
Important Concepts
Review Questions
CHAPTER 4 PROTECTION OF DOMESTIC INDUSTRIES:THE TARIFF
SOME INSTITUTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
Export versus Import Duty
Protection versus Revenue
Types of Tariff
ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF THE TARIFF
Who Pays the Tariff?
Graphic Exposition
Domestic Effects
Effect on Real Income
Other Effects
Some Empirical Estimates
How PROTECTIVE Is THE TARIFF?
Ad Valorem and Specific Duty
Nominal versus Effective Tariff Rates
Aggregation Problems
ARGUMENTS FOR PROTECTION
APPROACHES TO FREE TRADE
The International Approach
The Regional Approach
Summary
Important Concepts
Review Questions
CHAPTER 5 NONTARIFF BARRIERS (NTBs) TO TRADE
IMPORT QUOTAS
How Common Are Import Quotas?
Economic Effects of Quotas
VOLUNTARY EXPORT RESTRAINTS
INTERNATIONAL COMMODITY AGREEMENTS
INTERNATIONAL CARTELS
LOCAL CONTENT REQUIREMENT
BORDER TAX ADJUSTMENTS
DUMPING
EXPORT SUBSIDIES
TIME COSTS AND SUPPLY CHAIN UNCERTAINTY
NTBs VERSUS TARIFFS
STRATEGIC TRADE POLICY?
Summary
Important Concepts
Review Questions
CHAPTER 6 U.S.COMMERCIAL POLICY(本章已删除)
CHAPTER 7 INTERNATIONAL AND REGIONAL TRADE ORGANIZATIONS AMONG DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
Regionalism
THE EUROPEAN UNION
Forerunners
Internal Restrictions
Agricultural Policy
Political Institutions
Special Trading Arrangements between the EU and DevelopingCountries
THE U.S.—CANADA FREE TRADE AGREEMENT
NAFTA
KORUS FTA
TRANSATLANTIC TRADE AND INVESTMENT PARTNERSHIP
THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION (WTO)
Fundamental Principles
The Uruguay Round
THE WTO AND THE ENVIRONMENT
ECONOMIC REFORMS IN EASTERN EUROPE (TRANSITION ECONOMIES)
Summary
Important Concepts
Review Questions
CHAPTER 8 TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT
ALTERNATIVE TRADE APPROACHES TO DEVELOPMENT
China and India
THE U.N.CONFERENCE ON TRADEAND DEVELOPMENT
Demands Concerning Primary Products
Manufactured Products
THE GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES
The U.S.Scheme
The EU Scheme
The Japanese Scheme
Effect of the Tokyo and Uruguay Rounds on the GSP
REGIONAL INTEGRATION AMONGDEVELOPING NATIONS
Summary
Important Concepts
Review Questions
CHAPTER 9 INTERNATIONAL MOBILITYOF PRODUCTIVE FACTORS
MOTIVES FOR DIRECT INVESTMENTS ABROAD
Cost Considerations
Marketing Considerations
FOREIGN INVESTMENT AND ECONOMIC WELFARE(REAL INCOME)
World Welfare
Host Country
Source (Investing) Country
INTERNATIONAL TRADE THEORY AND THE MULTINATIONAL CORPORATION
The Phenomenon of Transfer Pricing
The Commodity Composition of Trade
INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION OF LABOR
GLOBALIZATION AND THE OUTSOURCING CONTROVERSY
Summary
Important Concepts
Review Questions
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PART Ⅱ INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL RELATIONS