Chapter One Structure and Layout of a Business Letter
Ⅰ.Introduction
Ⅱ.Principles of good business writing
Ⅲ.Parts of a business letter
Ⅳ.Layout of a business letter
Ⅴ.Format of a nenve lope
Notes
Exercises
Chapter Two Enquiries and Replies
Ⅰ.Relatedin formation
Ⅱ.Technicalterms
Ⅲ.Sampleletters
Notes to the samples
Exercises
Chapter Three Offers and Counter-offers
Ⅰ.Relatedin for mation
Ⅱ.Technicalterms
Ⅲ.Sampleletters
Notes to the samples
Exercises
Chapter Four Orders and Their Fulfillment
Ⅰ.Related in formation
Ⅱ.Technicalterms
Ⅲ.Sampleletters
Notes to the samples
Exercises
Chapter Five Packing
Ⅰ.Related in formation
Ⅱ.Technicalterms
Ⅲ.Sampleletters
Notes to the samples
Exercises
ChapterSix Insurance
Ⅰ.Relatedin formation
Ⅱ.Technicalterms
Ⅲ.Sampleletters
Notes to the samples
Exercises
Chapter Seven Shipment
Ⅰ.Related information
Ⅱ.Technicalterms
Ⅲ.Sampleletters
Notes to the samples
Exercises
Chapter Eight Payment
Ⅰ.Related information
Ⅱ.Technicalterms
Ⅲ.Sampleletters
Notes to the samples
Exercises
Chapter Nine Complaints and Claims
Ⅰ.Related information
Ⅱ.Technicalterms
Ⅲ.Sampleletters
Notes to thesamples
Exercises
Chapter Ten Agency
Ⅰ.Related information
Ⅱ.Technicalterms
Ⅲ.Sampleletters
Notes to the sampleletters
Exercises
Chapter Eleven International Business Contracts
Ⅰ.Related information
Ⅱ.Technicalterms
Ⅲ.Samplecontracts
Notes to the samples
Exercises
Chapter Twelve Miscellaneous Business Correspondence
Ⅰ.Related information
Ⅱ.Samples
Exercises
参考文献
Key to Exercises
內容試閱：
I. Related information
There are four ways to convey the goods to their destination including ocean transport,land transport, air transport and multi-modal transport.
Ocean transport is the most frequently used mode in international trade because ofthe easy passage, large capacity, low cost and good adaptability to different cargoes. Railand road are two main forms of land transportation. Rail transport has a large capacityin a disciplined, controlled and reliable way, which is most convenient between countriesconnected by railway. Road transport has low capacity but flexible operation and relativelyhigher speed. Air transport is suitable to carry light and perishable goods with high valueand smaller dimensions with high speed and low risk. Multi-modal transport means thatthe goods are carried by at least two different modes of shipping, so it is very flexible inoperation and can Offer efficient and satisfactory service.
So far as foreign trade is concerned, transportation of goods is mostly done by oceanvessels, which can be divided into chartering and liners.
Ⅰ. Chartering
Shipping by chartering is also called tramp. It is a form of freight-carrying which has noregular route or fixed schedule of sailing. It falls into three kinds: voyage charter, time charterand demise charter.
The voyage charter is one for the moving of goods from one specified port to another,or for a round trip. It includes single voyage charter, return voyage charter and successivevoyage charter.
Under a time charter, the charterer charters the ship for a period of time during whichthe ship is deployed and managed by the charter. What concerns the charterer most is theperiod, not the voyage. The chartering may be for a period of 1 year or of several years.
Demise charter is also called bare-boat charter, and the charterer takes a lease of theentire ship for an agreed time. So demise charter belongs to time charter, but there are somedifferences: as to time charter during the period of chartering, the ship-owner provides thecharterer with a crew, while as to demise charter, the ship-owner only provides the chartererwith a bare-boat, the charter shall employ the crew and pay crew''s wages and provisions,ship''s maintenance and stores etc. by himself, apart from those expenses he is responsible forunder the time charter.
The charter party is a contract concluded between the ship-owner and the chartererwhen the latter charters the ship or booking shipping space from the former. It stipulates therights and obligations of the two parties.
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