【例题】
So long as teachers fail to tell apart teaching and
learning, they will continue to undertake it for children that only children
can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to
them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading.
Douglas insists that reading can not be taught directly and schools should
stop trying to do the impossible.
Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes.
They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the
conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise （策划）the most efficient system
for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity: It can be
seen and observed.
Learning to read involves all that each individual does
to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private,
for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to
public scrutiny.
If teacher and learner roles are not
interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child
in the quest（探索）for
knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. Make
learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and
frequent experience for children.
When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what
they are, and when both teacher and learner carry out them appropriately（恰当地）, then much of the pressure
and feeling of failure for both is got rid of. Learning to read is made easier
when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to
solve the problem of learning to read by reading.
[1]21. The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first
paragraph is that ______.
A. it is one of the most difficult school courses
B. students spend endless hours in reading
C. reading tasks are assigned with little guidance
D. too much time is spent in teaching of reading
22. The teaching of reading will be successful if
______.
A. teachers can improve conditions at school for
the students
B. teachers can enable students to develop their
own way of reading
C. teachers can devise the most efficient system
for reading
D. teachers can make their teaching activities
observably
23. The word scrutiny（Paragraph. 3）most probably means ______.
A. inquiry B. observation C.
control D. suspicion
24. According to the passage, learning to read will
no longer be a difficult task when ______.
A. children become highly motivated（有积极性的）
B. teacher and learner roles are interchangeable
C. teaching helps children in the search for knowledge
D. reading enriches childrens experience
25. The main idea of the passage is that ______.
A. teachers should do as little as possible in
helping students learn to read
B. teachers should encourage students to read as widely
as possible
C. reading ability is something acquired rather
than taught
D. reading is more complicated than generally believed
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