Table of Contents
1. Introduction............................................................................................................................1
2. AN INTRODUCTION TO AGILE......................................................................................................7
2.1 Definable Work vs. High-Uncertainty Work......................................................................7
2.2 The Agile Manifesto and Mindset.....................................................................................8
2.3 Lean and the Kanban Method.........................................................................................12
2.4 Uncertainty, Risk, and Life Cycle Selection....................................................................13
3. LIFE CYCLE SELECTION.............................................................................................................17
3.1 Characteristics of Project Life Cycles.............................................................................18
3.1.1 Characteristics of Predictive Life Cycles...........................................................20
3.1.2 Characteristics of Iterative Life Cycles..............................................................21
3.1.3 Characteristics of Incremental Life Cycles........................................................22
3.1.4 Characteristics of Agile Life Cycles....................................................................24
3.1.5 Agile Suitability Filters........................................................................................25
3.1.6 Characteristics of Hybrid Life Cycles.................................................................26
3.1.7 Combined Agile and Predictive Approaches......................................................27
3.1.8 Predominantly Predictive Approach with Some Agile Components.................28
3.1.9 A Largely Agile Approach with a Predictive Component...................................28
3.1.10 Hybrid Life Cycles as Fit-For-Purpose..............................................................29
3.1.11 Hybrid Life Cycles as Transition Strategy........................................................30
3.2 Mixing Agile Approaches................................................................................................31
3.3 Project Factors That Influence Tailoring........................................................................32
4. IMPLEMENTING AGILE： CREATING AN AGILE ENVIRONMENT.................................................33
4.1 Start with an Agile Mindset............................................................................................33
4.2 Servant Leadership Empowers the Team.......................................................................33
4.2.1 Servant Leader Responsibilities.........................................................................34
4.2.2 Role of the Project Manager in an Agile Environment.......................................37
4.2.3 Project Managers Use Servant Leadership........................................................38
4.3 Team Composition...........................................................................................................38
4.3.1 Agile Teams.........................................................................................................39
4.3.2 Agile Roles...........................................................................................................40
4.3.3 Generalizing Specialists......................................................................................42
4.3.4 Team Structures..................................................................................................43
4.3.5 Dedicated Team Members..................................................................................44
4.3.6 Team Workspaces...............................................................................................46
4.3.7 Overcoming Organizational Silos.......................................................................47
5. IMPLEMENTING AGILE： DELIVERING IN AN AGILE ENVIRONMENT.........................................49
5.1 Charter the Project and the Team...................................................................................49
5.2 Common Agile Practices.................................................................................................50
5.2.1 Retrospectives.....................................................................................................50
5.2.2 Backlog Preparation...........................................................................................52
5.2.3 Backlog Refinement............................................................................................52
5.2.4 Daily Standups....................................................................................................53
5.2.5 DemonstrationsReviews....................................................................................55
5.2.6 Planning for Iteration-Based Agile.....................................................................55
5.2.7 Execution Practices that Help Teams Deliver Value..........................................56
5.2.8 How Iterations and Increments Help Deliver Working Product.........................57
5.3 Troubleshooting Agile Project Challenges.....................................................................57
5.4 Measurements in Agile Projects.....................................................................................60
5.4.1 Agile Teams Measure Results............................................................................61
6. ORGANIZATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR PROJECT AGILITY...............................................71
6.1 Organizational Change Management.............................................................................71
6.1.1 Drivers for Change Management........................................................................73
6.1.2 Readiness for Change.........................................................................................73
6.2 Organizational Culture.....................................................................................................75
6.2.1 Creating an Environment of Safety.....................................................................75
6.2.2 Assessing Culture...............................................................................................75
6.3 Procurement and Contracts............................................................................................77
6.4 Business Practices..........................................................................................................79
6.5 Multiteam Coordination and Dependencies Scaling...................................................80
6.5.1 Frameworks........................................................................................................80
6.5.2 Considerations....................................................................................................80
6.6 Agile and the Project Management Office PMO...........................................................81
6.6.1 An Agile PMO is Value-Driven.............................................................................81
6.6.2 An Agile PMO is Invitation-Oriented...................................................................81
6.6.3 An Agile PMO is Multidisciplinary......................................................................82
6.7 Organizational Structure.................................................................................................83
6.8 Evolving the Organization.................................................................................
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PREFACE
The Project Management Institute and Agile Alliance? chartered this practice guide to create a greater understanding of agile approaches in their communities. The vision for this practice guide is to equip project teams with tools, situational guidelines, and an understanding of the available agile techniques and approaches to enable better results.
Project teams are using agile approaches in a variety of industries beyond software development. Both organizations realize that expansion has created a need for a common language, open mindedness, and the willingness to be flexible in how products and deliverables are brought to market. In addition, both organizations realize there are multiple ways to achieve successful delivery. There are a broad range of tools, techniques, and frameworks; teams have choices for approaches and practices that fit their project and the organizational culture in order to achieve the desired outcome.
The Agile Practice Guide core committee members are from varying backgrounds and use various approaches. Some of the committee members are consultants and some work inside organizations. All have worked in agile ways for many years.
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