总序
2013 年9 月和10 月,习近平主席先后提出了共建丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路的宏伟构想,这一构想跨越时空,赋予了古老的丝绸之路以崭新的时代内涵,得到了国际社会的高度关注。一带一路倡议是涵盖几十亿人口、惠及60 多个国家的重大决策,是统筹国内国际两个大局、顺应地区和全球合作潮流、契合沿线国家和地区发展需要的宏伟构想,是促进沿线各国加强合作、共克时艰、共谋发展的伟大倡议,具有深刻的时代背景和深远的历史意义。
一带一路倡议提出以来,引起了世界各国的广泛共鸣,共商、共建、共享的和平发展、共同发展理念不胫而走,沿线60 多个国家响应参与,将一带一路倡议与他们各自的发展战略积极对接,为打造利益共同体、责任共同体和人类命运共同体这个终极目标共同努力。
一带一路倡议作为增加经济社会发展新动力的新起点,适应经济发展新常态、转变经济发展方式的新起点,同世界深度互动、向世界深度开放的新起点,为我国更好地、更持续地走向世界、融入世界,开辟了崭新路径。首先,一带一路倡议其重要的特征之一就是合作,而工业作为最重要的合作方向,决定着沿线各国经济现代化的速度、规模和水平,在各国的国民经济中起着主导作用。一带一路建设将依托沿线国家基础设施的互联互通,对贸易和生产要素进行优化配置,为各国工业能力的持续发展提供出路。其次,了解和理解是合作的前提和关键,因此,对一带一路沿线各国工业生产要素、工业发展、特色产业、产业政策的理解和了解,对沿线各国的工业发展、产业转型升级及国际产能合作有着重要意义。
为了传承一带一路工业文明,加强一带一路国家和地区间的相互了解和理解,促进一带一路国家和地区的交流合作;为了让中国企业系统了解一带一路国家和地区的工业发展和产业特色,并挖掘合作机遇,助推中国企业走出去,使一带一路伟大构想顺利实施,在工业和信息化部的支持下,电子工业出版社组织行业管理部门及专家实施编写一带一路工业文明丛书。
一带一路工业文明丛书以一带一路沿线国家和地区的工业发展、产业特色、资源、能源等为主要内容,从横向(专题篇)和纵向(地域篇)两条主线分别介绍一带一路沿线国家和地区的整体状况,直接促进世界对一带一路沿线国家和地区的了解。其中,丛书横向从工业发展、产能合作、资源融通、能源合作、环境共护、中国制造、工业信息安全等方面展开介绍,探讨一带一路沿线国家和地区的横向联系及协调发展;纵向选择古丝绸之路经过、当前与中国有深入合作、未来与中国有进一步合作意向的地区和国家为研究对象,深入介绍其经济、工业、交通、基础设施、能源、重点产业等状况,挖掘其工业、产业发展现状和机遇,为创造世界范围内跨度较大的经济合作带和具有发展潜力的经济大走廊提供参考性窗口。
一带一路工业文明丛书以政府宏观视角、产业中观视角和企业微观视角为切入点,具有重大创新性;以一带一路工业文明为出发点,具有深远的现实意义。丛书分领域、分地区重点阐述,抓住了工业文明的要义,希望通过对一带一路沿线国家和地区工业文明脉络、产业发展特点和资源禀赋情况的分析,为国内优势企业挖掘一带一路沿线国家和地区的合作机遇提供参考,为促进国内特色产业走出去提供指导,为解决内需和外需矛盾提供依据,为中国制造2025的顺利实施提供保障。
一带一路工业文明丛书立足于工业,重点介绍一带一路沿线国家和地区的产业需求和工业发展;同时,密切跟踪我国工业发展中的新趋势、新业态、新模式与一带一路的联系,并针对这些领域进行全面阐述。丛书致力于将国内资源、能源、工业发展、产能等现状和沿线国家特定需求紧密结合,立足高远,定位清晰,具有重大战略意义和现实意义。
Preface
I was very pleased and honored to suggest guidelines for The Belt and Road Industrial CivilizationIran . Iran is a country with an ancient civilization; it is an intersection and an important partner in The Belt and Road. In recent years, China and Iran had fruitful exchanges and cooperation in political, economic and cultural. The Belt and Road coincided with Iran s plan of rebuilding the Silk Road , and gaineda positive momentum. Similarly, Iran s rich resources, great potential, geopolitical status, and regional influence in Western Asia and the Persian Gulf region, can be a trusted partner for China.
Iranian industry is dominated onoil extraction, as well as refining, steel, electricity, textiles, automotive manufacturing, machinery manufacturing, food processing, building materials, carpets, household appliances, chemicals,
metallurgy, paper, cement, and sugar, but the foundation is relatively weak,
with most industrial raw materials and spare parts dependent on imports. In
the era of industrial civilization, it is the industrial capacity of this country
that determines the destiny of the country, and the industrial capability is the
modern manufacturing industry. In order to better help industrial enterprises
competitive advantage of the Iranian market, understand the Iranian national
basic situation, industrial development process, industrial project investment
process, and incentive policies and so on. This book is the first detail and
comprehensive book to introduce Iran s industrial development, industrial
characteristics, resources, energy and so on, andintroduce its economy,
industry, transportation, infrastructure, energy, key industries and other
content, exploring its industrial, industrial development status and opportunities.
By digging deeply into the industrial civilization of the Iranian state, this book
focuses on the rise and development of Iran s industrial civilization, expounds
the industrial development layout of the Iranian government, and probes into the
further development of its modern industry.
With this book enlightenment, it is believed that it will assist to the leaders
of enterprises who interested in going out for investment, but also to provide
objective and rational policy advice for the relevant government management
agencies.
Embassy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in China-Beijing
Commercial Counselor
前言
伊朗位于亚洲西南部,西部与土耳其、伊拉克接壤,东部与巴基斯坦、阿富汗
相连,北部与亚美尼亚、阿塞拜疆、土库曼斯坦相邻,隔里海与哈萨克斯坦、俄罗
斯相望,南部濒临波斯湾、霍尔木兹海峡和阿曼湾,素有欧亚路桥和东西方
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