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Part One
Chapter 1 What Is Rhetoric?
1.1 Rhetoric and Oratory
1.2 Connotation of Rhetoric
1.3 Definitions of Rhetoric
1.4 Five Assumptions
Exercises
Chapter 2 Brief History of Western Rhetoric
2.1 Classical Rhetoric 5th c. B.C.-A.D. 5th c.
2.1.1 Ancient Greece and Ancient Greek Democracy
2.1.2 Sophists and Their Practices of Rhetoric
2.1.3 Ancient Greek Rhetoricians and Their Theory
2.1.4 Roman Rhetoricians and Their Theory
2.2 Rhetoric in the Middle Ages 5th-14th c.
2.3 Rhetoric in the Renaissance 15th-16th c.
2.4 New Classical Rhetoric 17th-19th c.
2.4.1 The Scientific Perspective
2.4.2 The Elocutionary Perspective
2.4.3 The Literary Perspective
2.5 Contemporary Rhetoric
2.6 Conclusion
Exercises
Chapter 3 The Importance of Learning English Rhetoric
Exercises
Part Two
Chapter 4 Choice of Words
4.1 Use Suitable Words
4.2 Denotation and Connotation
4.3 General Words and Specific Words
4.4 Abstract Words and Concrete Words
4.5 Short Words and Long Words
Exercises
Chapter 5 Choice of Sentences
5.1 Types of Sentences
5.1.1 Grammatical Classification
5.1.2 Functional Classification
5.1.3 Rhetorical Classification
5.2 Long and Short Sentences
5.2.1 Short Sentences
5.2.2 Long Sentences
5.2.3 Alternating Short and Long Sentences
Exercises
Part Three
Chapter 6 Introduction: Figures of Speech
6.1 What Is a Figure of Speech?
6.2 Why Are Figures of Speech Used?
6.3 The Classification of Figures of Speech
6.4 Use Figures of Speech in a Right Way
Exercises
Chapter 7 Phonetic Figures of Speech
7.1 Alliteration
7.2 Assonance
7.3 Consonance
7.4 Onomatopoeia
7.5 Aposiopesis
7.6 Apostrophe
7.7 Pun
Exercises
Chapter 8 Syntactic Figures of Speech I
8.1 Repetition
8.1.1 Immediate Repetition
8.1.2 Intermittent Repetition
8.2 Anaphora
8.3 Epiphora
8.4 Symploce
8.5 Anadiplosis
8.6 Parallelism
8.7 Antithesis
Exercises
Chapter 9 Syntactic Figures of Speech II
9.1 Climax
9.2 Anticlimax
9.3 Syllepsis
9.4 Zeugma
9.5 Chiasmus
9.6 Asyndeton
9.7 Polysyndeton
9.8 Rhetorical question
Exercises
Chapter 10 Semantic Figures of Speech
10.1 Simile
10.2 Metaphor
10.3 Metonymy
10.4 Synecdoche
10.5 Antonomasia
10.6 Personification
10.7 Parody
10.8 Synesthesia
10.9 Transferred Epithet
Exercises
Chapter 11 Logical Figures of Speech
11.1 Allegory
11.2 Allusion
11.3 Hyperbole
11.4 Understatement
11.4.1 Litotes
11.4.2 Meiosis
11.4.3 Overtones
11.5 Irony
11.5.1 Verbal Irony
11.5.2 Situational Irony
11.6 Innuendo
11.7 Euphemism
11.8 Oxymoron
11.9 Analogy
11.10 Paradox
Exercises
Appendix A A General Test on Figures of Speech
Appendix B Simplistic Definitions of Figures of Speech
Bibliography
Index