许渊冲--诗译英法*人 ，北京大学教授，翻译家。希望这套许氏译本能使英语读者对中国经典诗文也能知之，好之，乐之，能够分享孔子、老子的智慧，分享唐诗、宋词、中国古典戏曲的优美，并以此促进东西文化的交流。值得珍藏。许渊冲先生从事翻译工作70年，2010年12月荣获中国翻译文化终身成就奖。他被称为将中国诗词译成英法韵文的*专家，经他的妙手，许多中国经典诗文被译成出色的英文和法文韵语。这套中国经典诗文集就是由他所译，前半部分是英文，后半部分是中文。Ancient Chinese classic poems are exquisite works of art. As far as 2,000 years ago, Chinese poets composed the beautiful work Book of Poetry and Elegies of the South, Later, they created more splendid Tang poetry and Song lyrics. Such classic works as Thus Spoke the Master and Laws： Divine and Human were extremely significant in building and shaping the culture of the Chinese nation. These works are both a cultural bond linking the thoughts and affections of Chinese people and an important bridge for Chinese culture and the world. Mr. Xu Yuanchong has been engaged in translation for 70 years. In December 2010, he won the Lifetime Achievement Award in Translation conferred by the Translators Association of China TAC. He is honored as the only expert who translates Chinese poems into both English and French. After his excellent interpretation, many Chinese classic poems have been further refined into perfect English and French rhymes. This collection of Classical Chinese Poetry and Prose gathers his most representative English translations. It includes the classic works Thus Spoke the Master, Laws： Divine and Human and dramas such as Romance of the Western Bower, Dream in Peony Pavilion,Love in Long-life Hall and Peach Blossom Painted with Blood. The largest part of the collection includes the translation of selected poems from different dynasties. The selection includes various types of poems, lyrics and Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasty songs. The selected works start from the pre-Qin era to the Qing Dynasty, covering almost the entire history of classic poems in China. Reading these works is like tasting "living water from the source" of Chinese culture. We hope this collection will help English readers "know, love and appreciate" Chinese classic poems, share the intelligence of Confucius and Lao Tzu, share the gracefulness of Tang Dynasty poems, Song lyrics and classic operas and songs and promote exchanges between Eastern and Western culture.This book is one of the 14 books of Classical Chinese Poetry and Prose, a translation of Confucian classics Thus Spoke the Master.许渊冲--诗译英法*人 ，北京大学教授，翻译家。希望这套许氏译本能使英语读者对中国经典诗文也能知之，好之，乐之，能够分享孔子、老子的智慧，分享唐诗、宋词、中国古典戏曲的优美，并以此促进东西文化的交流。值得珍藏。许渊冲先生从事翻译工作70年，2010年12月荣获中国翻译文化终身成就奖。他被称为将中国诗词译成英法韵文的*专家，经他的妙手，许多中国经典诗文被译成出色的英文和法文韵语。这套中国经典诗文集就是由他所译，前半部分是英文，后半部分是中文。 Ancient Chinese classic poems are exquisite works of art. As far as 2,000 years ago, Chinese poets composed the beautiful work Book of Poetry and Elegies of the South, Later, they created more splendid Tang poetry and Song lyrics. Such classic works as Thus Spoke the Master and Laws： Divine and Human were extremely significant in building and shaping the culture of the Chinese nation. These works are both a cultural bond linking the thoughts and affections of Chinese people and an important bridge for Chinese culture and the world. Mr. Xu Yuanchong has been engaged in translation for 70 years. In December 2010, he won the Lifetime Achievement Award in Translation conferred by the Translators Association of China TAC. He is honored as the only expert who translates Chinese poems into both English and French. After his excellent interpretation, many Chinese classic poems have been further refined into perfect English and French rhymes. This collection of Classical Chinese Poetry and Prose gathers his most representative English translations. It includes the classic works Thus Spoke the Master, Laws： Divine and Human and dramas such as Romance of the Western Bower, Dream in Peony Pavilion, Love in Long-life Hall and Peach Blossom Painted with Blood. The largest part of the collection includes the translation of selected poems from different dynasties. The selection includes various types of poems, lyrics and Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasty songs. The selected works start from the pre-Qin era to the Qing Dynasty, covering almost the entire history of classic poems in China. Reading these works is like tasting "living water from the source" of Chinese culture. We hope this collection will help English readers "know, love and appreciate" Chinese classic poems, share the intelligence of Confucius and Lao Tzu, share the gracefulness of Tang Dynasty poems, Song lyrics and classic operas and songs and promote exchanges between Eastern and Western culture. This book is one of the 14 books of Classical Chinese Poetry and Prose, a translation of Confucian classics Thus Spoke the Master.
目錄：
Contents目 录Preface序ACT I第一本Scene 1 Enchantment第一折 惊艳Scene 2 Renting of Quarters第二折 借厢Scene 3 Verse Exchange第三折 酬韵Scene 4 Religious Service第四折 闹斋ACT II第二本Scene 1 Alarm第一折 寺警Scene 2 Invitation第二折 请宴Scene 3 Promise Broken第三折 赖婚Scene 4 Lute第四折 琴心ACT III第三本Scene 1 First Expectation第一折 前侯Scene 2 Billet-doux第二折 闹简Scene 3 Repudiation第三折 赖简Scene 4 Further Expectation第四折 后侯ACT IV第四本Scene 1 Tryst第一折 酬简Scene 2 Rose in the Dock第二折 拷艳Scene 3 Farewell Feast第三折 哭宴Scene 4 Dreams第四折 惊梦ACT V第五本Scene 1 Report of Success第一折 捷报Scene 2 Guess第二折 猜寄Scene 3 Contest for the Beauty第三折 争艳Scene 4 Union第四折 团圆
內容試閱：
PrefaceThe Romance of the Western Bower written by Wang Shifu is the most important lyrical drama in the history of Chinese literature. It is as well-known in China as Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet in the West, yet it was written about three hundred years earlier than Shakespeares tragedy. Like the English play, it consists of a narrative part written in prose and a lyrical part written in verse. It is divided into five acts and twenty scenes. Act One describes the first meeting in the temple between the lovers, Zhang Gong, a young scholar, and Cui Yingying, nineteen-year-old daughter of former Prime Minister Cui. Act Two relates how Zhang saves the temple from attack by bandits and Madame Cui promises her daughter can marry Zhang, but she soon goes back on her word. Act Three describes the lovers longing for each other. Act Four depicts their meeting in Scene I. In Scene II, Madame Cui will not approve their marriage unless Zhang wins honor in the civil service examinations. Scene III depicts their parting when Zhang leaves to attend the examinations in the capital. Scene IV ends with a dream in which the lovers meet again. The last Act describes their reunion.As Jin Shengtan 16081661 said in the preface to Romance, Before reading Romance, one should read the Book of Poetry Chinas earliest anthology of poetry compiled in the 6th century BC, because there are correlations between Romance and Book of Poetry. For instance, the first lyric in the Book of Poetry reads as follows：By riverside are cooingA pair of turtledoves;A good young man is wooingA fair maiden he loves.Water flows left and rightOf cresses here and there.The youth yearns day and nightFor the good maiden fair.His yearning grows so strong,He cannot fall asleep;He tosses all night long,So deep in love, so deep!Now gather left and rightThe cresses sweet and tender.O lute, play music brightFor the fiancee so slender!Feast friends at left and rightOn cresses cooked tender;O bells and drums, delightThe bride so sweet and slender!If we compare this lyric with the parting scene in Act Four, we shall find similarities as well as differences between them, which shows the development of love poetry from the 6th century BC to the 14th century AD. In the lyric the young man seeing a pair of turtledoves cooing by the riverside longs for his beloved. In Act Four, Scene III, the heroine sings：... Two lovebirds torn apart bewail. ...序我国古代戏曲作品刊刻最多、流传最广、影响最大的应以王实甫《西厢记》为首屈一指。明末清初的戏曲理论家李渔16111685说过：自有《西厢》以迄于今，四百余载，推《西厢》为填词第一者，不知几千万人，而能历指其所以第一之故者，独出一金圣叹16081661!（《闲情偶寄》填词余论）。所以我们这本汉英对照《西厢记》选用了金圣叹评点的《贯华堂第六才子书西厢记》。《圣叹外书》中说：《西厢记》不同小可，乃是天地妙文。今后任凭是绝代才子，切不可云此本《西厢记》我亦做得出也。便教当时作者而在，要他烧了此本重做一本，已是不可复得。若使异时更作，亦不妨另自有其绝妙，然而无奈此番已是绝妙也。不必云异时不能更妙于此，然亦不必云异时尚将更妙于此也。异时另自有其绝妙的作品，是三百年后英国莎士比亚的《罗密欧与朱丽叶》。为什么说《西厢记》此番已是绝妙呢？以主题而论，金圣叹认为《西厢记》写的是莺莺和张生不辞千死万死，而几几乎各愿以其两死并为一死的必至之情。以人物而论，金圣叹说：《西厢记》只写得三个人，一个是双文（莺莺），一个是张生，一个是红娘。其余如夫人，如法本，如白马将军，如欢郎，如法聪，如孙飞虎，如琴童，如店小二，他俱不曾着一笔半笔写，俱是写三个人时所忽然应用之家伙耳。譬如文字，则双文是题目，张生是文字，红娘是文字之起承转合。有此许多起承转合，便令题目透出文字，文字透入题目也。其余如夫人等，算只是文字中间所用之乎者也等字。譬如药，则张生是病，双文是药，红娘是药之炮制。有此许多炮制，便令药往就病，病来就药也。其余如夫人等，算只是炮制时所用之姜醋酒蜜等物。《西厢记》前半是张生文字，后半是双文文字，中间是红娘文字。《西厢记》必须与美人并坐读之。与美人并坐读之者，验其缠绵多情也。以结构而论，金圣叹说：若夫《西厢》之为文有生有扫。生如生叶生花，扫如扫花扫叶最前《惊艳》一篇谓之生，最后《哭宴》一篇谓之扫而后于其中间，则有此来彼来。何谓此来？如《借厢》一篇是张生来，谓之此来。何谓彼来？如《酬韵》一篇是莺莺来，谓之彼来设使张生不借厢，是张生不来；张生不来，此事不生。即使张生借厢，而莺莺不酬韵，是莺莺不来；莺莺不来，此事亦不生。今既张生慕色而来，莺莺又慕才而来，如是谓之两来而后则有三渐。何谓三渐？《闹斋》第一渐，《寺警》第二渐，《后候》第三渐。第一渐者，莺莺始见张生也；第二渐者，莺莺始与张生相关也；第三渐者，莺莺始许张生定情也。此三渐，又谓之三得。何谓三得？自非《闹斋》之一篇，则莺莺不得而见张生也；自非《寺警》之一篇，则莺莺不得而与张生相关也；自非《后候》之一篇，则莺莺不得而许张生定情也而后则又有二近、三纵。何谓二近？《请宴》一近，《前候》一近。盖近之为言，几几乎如将得之也三纵者，《赖婚》一纵，《赖简》一纵，《拷艳》一纵纵之为言，几几乎如将失之也而后则有两不得不然。何谓两不得不然？《听琴》不得不然，《闹简》不得不然。听琴者，红娘不得不然；闹简者，莺莺不得不然而后则有实写一篇《酬简》之一篇是也。又有空写一篇《惊梦》之一篇是也。总而言之，两来，三渐，三得，二近，三纵，两不得不然，实写，空写，这就是《西厢记》的结构。以笔法而论，金圣叹说：子弟欲看《西厢记》，须教其先看《国风》。盖《西厢记》所写事，便全是《国风》所写事。然《西厢记》写事，曾无一笔不雅驯，便全学《国风》写事，曾无一笔不雅驯；《西厢记》写事，曾无一笔不透脱，便全学《国风》写事，曾无一笔不透脱。敢疗子弟笔下雅驯不透脱、透脱不雅驯之病。今天看来，《西厢记》与《国风》是继承与发展的关系。所谓雅驯，就是文字高雅，遵守规范；所谓透脱，就是深刻透彻，洒脱自如。用孔子的话来说，就是从心所欲不逾矩。从心所欲是透脱，不逾矩是雅驯。例如《国风》第一篇《关雎》就是从心所欲不逾矩的典范。关关雎鸠，在河之洲；窈窕淑女，君子好逑。参差荇菜，左右流之；窈窕淑女，寤寐求之。求之不得，寤寐思服；悠哉悠哉，辗转反侧。参差荇菜，左右采之；窈窕淑女，琴瑟友之。参差荇菜，左右芼之；窈窕淑女，钟鼓乐之。
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