《孙子兵法》是中国古典军事文化遗产中的璀璨瑰宝,是中国优秀文化传统的重要组成部分。其内容博大精深,思想精邃富赡,逻辑缜密严谨。大约成书于春秋末年。该书自问世以来,对中国古代军事学术,和中国当代的社会经济的发展产生了巨大而深远的影响,被人们尊奉为兵经、百世谈兵之祖。Sun Tzu''s The Art of War is a Chinese military treatise that was written by Sun Tzu in the 6th century BC, during the Spring and Autumn period. Composed of 13 chapters, each of which is devoted to one aspect of warfare, it is said to be the definitive work on military strategies and tactics of its time, and still one of the basic texts. The Art of War is one of the oldest and most successful books on military strategy. It has had an influence on Eastern military thinking, business tactics, and beyond. Sun Tzu suggested the importance of positioning in strategy and that position is affected both by objective conditions in the physical environment and the subjective opinions of competitive actors in that environment. He thought that strategy was not planning in the sense of working through an established list, but rather that it requires quick and appropriate responses to changing conditions. Planning works in a controlled environment, but in a changing environment, competing plans collide, creating unexpected situations. The book was translated into the French language in 1772 by French Jesuit Jean Joseph Marie Amiot, and into English by British officer Everard Ferguson Calthrop in 1905. It likely influenced Napoleon, and leaders as diverse as Mao Zedong, General Vo Nguyen Giap, Baron Antoine-Henri Jomini, and General Douglas MacArthur have claimed to have drawn inspiration from the work. The Art of War has also been applied to business and managerial strategies.《孙子兵法》是中国古典军事文化遗产中的璀璨瑰宝,是中国优秀文化传统的重要组成部分。其内容博大精深,思想精邃富赡,逻辑缜密严谨。大约成书于春秋末年。该书自问世以来,对中国古代军事学术,和中国当代的社会经济的发展产生了巨大而深远的影响,被人们尊奉为兵经、百世谈兵之祖。 Sun Tzu''s The Art of War is a Chinese military treatise that was written by Sun Tzu in the 6th century BC, during the Spring and Autumn period. Composed of 13 chapters, each of which is devoted to one aspect of warfare, it is said to be the definitive work on military strategies and tactics of its time, and still one of the basic texts. The Art of War is one of the oldest and most successful books on military strategy. It has had an influence on Eastern military thinking, business tactics, and beyond. Sun Tzu suggested the importance of positioning in strategy and that position is affected both by objective conditions in the physical environment and the subjective opinions of competitive actors in that environment. He thought that strategy was not planning in the sense of working through an established list, but rather that it requires quick and appropriate responses to changing conditions. Planning works in a controlled environment, but in a changing environment, competing plans collide, creating unexpected situations. The book was translated into the French language in 1772 by French Jesuit Jean Joseph Marie Amiot, and into English by British officer Everard Ferguson Calthrop in 1905. It likely influenced Napoleon, and leaders as diverse as Mao Zedong, General Vo Nguyen Giap, Baron Antoine-Henri Jomini, and General Douglas MacArthur have claimed to have drawn inspiration from the work. The Art of War has also been applied to business and managerial strategies.
目錄:
CONTENTSForewordThe Life and Times of Sun TzuThe Basic Structure of Sun Tzus Art of WarChapter I Laying PlansOn Being Cautious of WarOn the Gist of the BookOn Political ElementsChapter II Waging WarOn the Dangers of WarOn Quick VictoryChapter III Attack by StratagemOn Complete VictoryOn Knowing the Enemy and Knowing YourselfChapter IV Disposition of Military StrengthOn Conquering an Enemy Easily ConqueredOn Calculating PowerChapter V Use of EnergyOn Momentum and TimingOn Extraordinary and NormalChapter VI Weaknesses and StrengthsTo Avoid What is Strong and Strike at What is WeakOn Initiative and FlexibilityOn Initiative in WarOn the Three Levels of Sun Tzus TheoryChapter VII ManeuveringOn Advantageous ManeuveringOn Turning the Devious into the DirectOn Logistical SupportChapter VIII Variation in TacticsOn GeneralsOn War PreparednessChapter IX On the MarchOn Flexible Movement of TroopsOn Governing the ForcesChapter X TerrainOn Aid of Terrain to OperationsOn Knowing the Weather and Knowing the TerrainChapter XI The Nine Varieties of GroundOn Operational EnvironmentOn the Psychology of an ArmyOn Coordination and CooperationChapter XII Attack by FireOn Methods and Principles of Attacking by FireOn Waste and StagnationChapter XII I Use of SpiesOn the Meaning and Principles of Using SpiesOn the Structure of Sun Tzus Chapters
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ForewordAfter the advent of the 6th century B.C., a new era of spiritual creativity was welcomed, bringing with it an explosion of new thoughts. In Greece, there were Thales and Pythagoras, who initiated the development of philosophy and science. Sakyamuni arose in India and created Buddhism. In China, Lao Tzu, Confucius and Sun Tzu revealed the prologue to an era of free thought and innovation beginning in the late Spring and Autumn Period.Sun Tzus Art of War is one of the achievements that sprung forth from this explosion of thoughts.Compared to the theoretical creations of other great thinkers of that age in the East as well as the West in philosophy, politics, science, religion and other fields, Sun Tzus theoretical creations in the military arena were unique but equally great. Together, their philosophical achievements had a huge and profound influence on the spiritual world and realistic world shaped by human beings themselves.Since the birth of Sun Tzus Art of War in the late 6th century B.C., it became widely influential in China. At the beginning of the 1st century B.C., the great Chinese historian Sima Qian was quoted as saying: In civilian discussions of military affairs, they inevitably refer to the thirteen chapters of Sun Tzus Art of War. Clearly, this book was already very popular and respected at that time in China. By the 11th century A.D., a military school called Wuxue had been established by the Song Dynasty. The imperial government selected seven books from the military works of past dynasties to make up the curriculum. Under unified management, they were checked against authoritative texts, printed and published in 1080, and called the wu jing qi shu seven books of the military canon. Among them, Sun Tzus Art of War held the primary position, solidifying its high standing in Chinese military science.For thousands of years, the great volumes of ideas, categorizations, theses and judgments coming out of Sun Tzus Art of War have been the object of debate in traditional Chinese military science. Each successive dynasty and each successive generations military experts and military writings have continued to supplement and develop Sun Tzus Art of War theoretically, but fundamentally none has surpassed it. It could be said that Sun Tzus Art of War charted the development course for ancient Chinas theory of war, establishing the foundational spirit of Chinas traditional military philosophy.In Chinas recent history, Sun Tzus Art of War has continued to play an active role as an important source of ideas in the process of building a new model of military theory. For example, in many of Mao Zedongs military writings, he used Sun Tzus words to illustrate his points; Mao also referred to many famous historical battles in China to back up his own opinion. The influence of Chinas military heritage represented by Sun Tzus Art of War had provided Mao Zedongs military thinking with a profound historical context. It was also an important factor in the uniquely Chinese character of Mao Zedongs military thinking.