庞国芳，中国检验检疫科学研究院，研究员，中国工程院院士，国家质检总局首席研究员、国际公职化学家联合会（AOAC）专家，国际AOAC 2014年度 Harvey W. Wiley 奖获得者。近30年一直工作在食品检验检疫一线，致力于食品科学检测技术理论与实践的研究，解决了我国相关出口食品、农产品等遭遇的技术瓶颈，为推动我国对外贸易发展做出了杰出贡献。研究制定了141项国际、国家检测技术标准。在国内、国际出版食品安全检测技术论著10部。发表论文100余篇，35篇被SCI收录。3次荣获国家科学技术进步二等奖，6次荣获国际AOAC组织颁发的科学技术奖励。
目錄：
Main ResearchersEditors xiii
Preface xv
Brief Introduction xvii
1. Introduction 1
1.1 Insecticides 1
1.1.1 Organophosphate Insecticides 1
1.1.2 Carbamate Insecticides 2
1.1.3 Organochlorine Insecticides 2
1.1.4 Pyrethroid Insecticides 2
1.1.5 Neonicotinoid Insecticides 2
1.2 Herbicides 3
1.2.1 Phenolic Herbicides 3
1.2.2 Phenoxy Acid Herbicides 3
1.2.3 Benzoic Acid Herbicides 4
1.2.4 Diphenyl Ether Herbicides 4
1.2.5 Dinitroaniline Herbicides 4
1.2.6 Amide Herbicides 4
1.2.7 Carbamate Herbicides 5
1.2.8 Thiocarbamate Herbicides 5
1.2.9 Urea Herbicides 5
1.2.10 Sulfonylurea Herbicides 5
1.2.11 S-Triazine Herbicides 5
1.2.12 Quaternary Ammoniums Herbicides 6
1.2.13 Organophosphate Herbicides 6
1.2.14 Other Herbicides 6
1.3 Bactericides 6
1.3.1 Triazole Bactericides 7
1.3.2 Amide Bactericides 7
1.3.3 Pyridinamine Bactericides 7
1.3.4 Strobin Bactericides 7
1.3.5 Oxazo Bactericides 8
1.3.6 Pyrrole Bactericides 8
1.3.7 Amino Acid Bactericides 8
1.3.8 Derivants of Cinnamic Acid 8
1.3.9 Others 8
1.4 Pesticides Banned in the World 8
1.4.1 Pesticides Banned in China 8
1.4.2 Pesticides Banned in Japan 9
1.4.3 Pesticides Banned in European Union 9
2. Analytical Methods for 793 Pesticides and Related
Chemical Residues in Products of Plant Origin 11
2.1 Determination of 512 Pesticides and Related Chemical Residues
in Fruit Juice and Wine： LC-MS-MS Method GBT 23206-2008 11
2.1.1 Scope 11
2.1.2 Principle 11
2.1.3 Reagents and Materials 11
2.1.4 Apparatus 21
2.1.5 Sample Pretreatment 21
2.1.6 Determination 22
2.1.7 Precision 24
Researchers 24
2.2 Determination of 500 Pesticides and Related Chemical Residues
in Fruits and Vegetables： GC-MS Method GBT 19648-2006 25
2.2.1 Scope 25
2.2.2 Principle 25
2.2.3 Reagents and Materials 25
2.2.4 Apparatus 35
2.2.5 Sample Pretreatment 35
2.2.6 GC-MS Determination 36
2.2.7 Precision 37
Researchers 37
2.3 Determination of 450 Pesticides and Related Chemical Residues
in Fruits and Vegetables： LC-MS-MS MethodGBT 20769-2008 37
2.3.1 Scope 37
2.3.2 Principle 45
2.3.3 Reagents and Materials 45
2.3.4 Apparatus 46
2.3.5 Sample Pretreatment 46
2.3.6 Determination 47
2.3.7 Precision 49
Researchers 50
2.4 Determination of 475 Pesticides and Related Chemical Residues
in Grains： GC-MS Method GBT 19649-2006 50
2.4.1 Scope 50
2.4.2 Principle 50
2.4.3 Reagents and Materials 50
2.4.4 Apparatus 59
2.4.5 Sample Pretreatment 59
2.4.6 GC-MS Method Determination 60
2.4.7 Precision 61
Researchers 61
2.5 Determination of 486 Pesticides and Related Chemical Residues
in Grains： LC-MS-MS Method GBT 20770-2008 61
2.5.1 Scope 61
2.5.2 Principle 69
2.5.3 Reagents and Materials 69
2.5.4 Apparatus 71
2.5.5 Sample Pretreatment 71
2.5.6 Determination 72
2.5.7 Precision 73
Researchers 73
2.6 Determination of 519 Pesticides and Related Chemical
Residues in Tea Leaves： GC-MS Method GBT 23204-2008 74
2.6.1 Scope 74
2.6.2 Determination of 490 Pesticides and Related Chemical Residues in Tea： GC-MS Method 74
2.6.3 Determination of 29 Acidic Herbicides in Tea：GC-MS Method 85
Researchers 91
2.7 Determination of 448 Pesticides and Related Chemical
Residues in Tea Leaves： LC-MS-MS Method GBT23205-2008 92
2.7.1 Scope 92
2.7.2 Principle 92
2.7.3 Reagents and Materials 92
2.7.4 Apparatus 101
2.7.5 Sample Pretreatment 101
2.7.6 Determination 102
2.7.7 Precision 103
Researchers 103
2.8 Determination of 488 Pesticides and Related Chemical
Residues in Mulberry Twig, Honeysuckle, Barbary Wolfberry
Fruit, and Lotus Leaf： GC-MS Method GBT 23200-2008 103
2.8.1 Scope 103
2.8.2 Principle 104
2.8.3 Reagents and Materials 104
2.8.4 Apparatus 113
2.8.5 Sample Pretreatment 113
2.8.6 Determination 114
2.8.7 Precision 115
Researchers 115
2.9 Determination of 413 Pesticides and Related Chemical
Residues in Mulberry Twig, Honeysuckle, Barbary Wolfberry
Fruit, and Lotus Leaf： LC-MS-MS Method GBT 23201-2008 115
2.9.1 Scope 115
2.9.2 Principle 115
2.9.3 Reagents and Materials 116
2.9.4 Apparatus 123
2.9.5 Sample Pretreatment 123
2.9.6 Determination 124
2.9.7 Precision 126
Researchers 126
2.10 Determination of 503 Pesticides and Related Chemical
Residues in Mushrooms： GC-MS Method GBT 23216-2008 126
2.10.1 Scope 126
2.10.2 Principle 126
2.10.3 Reagents and Materials 127
2.10.4 Apparatus 136
2.10.5 Sample Pretreatment 136
2.10.6 Determination 137
2.10.7 Precision 138
Researchers 138
2.11 Determination of 440 Pesticides and Related Chemical
Residues in Edible Fungus： LC-MS-MS MethodGBT 23202-2008 138
2.11.1 Scope 138
2.11.2 Principle 138
2.11.3 Reagents and Materials 146
2.11.4 Apparatus 147
2.11.5 Sample Pretreatment 147
2.11.6 Determination 148
2.11.7 Precision 149
Researchers 149
3. Analytical Methods for 790 Pesticides and Related
Chemical Residues in Products of Animal Origin 151
3.1 Determination of 511 Pesticides and Related Chemical
Residues in Milk and Milk Powder： GC-MS MethodGBT 23210-2008 151
3.1.1 Scope 151
3.1.2 Principle 151
3.1.3 Reagents and Materials 151
3.1.4 Apparatus 162
3.1.5 Sample Pretreatment 162
3.1.6 Determination 163
3.1.7 Precision 164
Researchers 164
3.2 Determination of 493 Pesticides and Related Chemical
Residues in Milk and Milk Powder： LC-MS-MS MethodGBT 23211-2008 165
3.2.1 Scope 165
3.2.2 Principle 165
3.2.3 Reagents and Materials 165
3.2.4 Apparatus 175
3.2.5 Sample Pretreatment 175
3.2.6 Determination 176
3.2.7 Precision 178
Researchers 178
3.3 Determination of 485 Pesticides and Related Chemical
Residues in Fugu, Eel, and Prawn： GC-MS MethodGBT 23207-2008 179
3.3.1 Scope 179
3.3.2 Principle 187
3.3.3 Reagents and Materials 187
3.3.4 Apparatus 188
3.3.5 Sample Pretreatment 189
3.3.6 Determination 190
3.3.7 Precision 191
Researchers 191
3.4 Determination of 450 Pesticides and Related Chemical
Residues in Fugu, Eel, and Prawn： LC-MS-MS MethodGBT 23208-2008 192
3.4.1 Scope 192
3.4.2 Principle 200
3.4.3 Reagents and Materials 200
3.4.4 Apparatus 201
3.4.5 Sample Pretreatment 201
3.4.6 Determination 203
3.4.7 Precision 204
Researchers 204
3.5 Determination of 497 Pesticides and Related Chemical
Residues in Honey, Fruit Juice, and Wine： GC-MS MethodGBT 19426-2006 204
3.5.1 Scope 204
3.5.2 Principle 204
3.5.3 Reagents and Materials 213
3.5.4 Apparatus 214
3.5.5 Sample Pretreatment 214
3.5.6 Determination 215
3.5.7 Precision 216
Researchers 217
3.6 Determination of 486 Pesticides and Related Chemical
Residues in Honey： LC-MS-MS Method GBT 20771-2008 217
3.6.1 Scope 217
3.6.2 Principle 217
3.6.3 Reagents and Materials 217
3.6.4 Apparatus 227
3.6.5 Sample Pretreatment 227
3.6.6 Determination 228
3.6.7 Precision 232
Researchers 232
3.7 Determination of 478 Pesticides and Related Chemical
Residues in Animal Muscles： GC-MS MethodGBT 19650-2006 232
3.7.1 Scope 232
3.7.2 Principle 232
3.7.3 Reagents and Materials 232
3.7.4 Apparatus 242
3.7.5 Sample Pretreatment 242
3.7.6 Determination 243
3.7.7 Precision 244
Researchers 244
3.8 Determination of 461 Pesticides and Related Chemical
Residues in Animal Muscles： LC-MS-MS MethodGBT 20772-2008 245
3.8.1 Scope 245
3.8.2 Principle 253
3.8.3 Reagents and Materials 253
3.8.4 Apparatus 254
3.8.5 Sample Pretreatment 254
3.8.6 Determination 256
3.8.7 Precision 257
Researchers 257
4. Determination of 450 Pesticides and Related
Chemical Residues in Drinking Water： LC-MS-MS Method GBT 23214-2008 259
4.1 Scope 259
4.2 Principle 259
4.3 Reagents and Materials 259
4.4 Apparatus 268
4.5 Sample Pretreatment 269
4.5.1 Preparation of Test Sample 269
4.5.2 Extraction 269
4.5.3 Clean-up 269
4.6 Determination 269
4.6.1 LC-MS-MS Operating Condition 269
4.6.2 Qualitative Determination 271
4.6.3 Quantitative Determination 271
4.7 Precision 272
Researchers 272
5. Basic Research on Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy
Characteristic Parameters of Pesticide and Chemical Pollutants 273
5.1 Mass Spectrometry Data of 1200 Pesticides and Chemical
Pollutants Determined by GC-MS, GC-MS-MS, and LC-MS-MS 277
5.1.1 Retention Times, Quantifier and Qualifier Ions of
567 Pesticides and Chemical Pollutants Determined by GC-MS 277
5.1.2 Monitoring of Selected Ions for 567 Pesticides
and Chemical Pollutants Determined by GC-MS 311
5.1.3 Retention Time, Quantifier and Qualifier Ions, and
Collision Energies of 454 Pesticides and Chemical Pollutants Determined by GC-MS-MS 321
5.1.4 Monitoring of Selected Ions for 454 Pesticides
and Chemical Pollutants Determined by GC-MS-MS 349
5.1.5 Retention Time, Quantifier and Qualifier Ions,
and Collision Energies of 284 Environmental Pollutants by GC-MS-MS 356
5.1.6 Retention Times, Selective Ions, and Relative Abundances
of Endosulfans Determined by GC-NCI-MS 374
5.1.7 Retention Times, Quantifying and Qualifying Ions,
Declustering Potentials, and Collision Energies of 9 Environmental Pollutants Determined by LC-MS-MS 375
5.1.8 Retention Times, Quantifying and Qualifying Ions,Fragmentor, and Collision Energies of 569 Pesticides
and Chemical Pollutants Determined by LC-MS-MS 376
5.1.9 Accurate Masses, Retention Times, Parent Ions,and Collision Energies of 492 Pesticides and Chemical
Pollutants Determined by LC-TOF-MS 410
5.2 Linear Equation Parameters of 1200 Pesticides and
Chemical Pollutants Determined by GC-MS, GC-MS-MS,and LC-MS-MS 457
5.2.1 Linear Equations, Linear Ranges, and Correlation
Coefficients of 567 Pesticides and Chemical Pollutants Determined by GC-MS 457
5.2.2 Linear Equations, Linear Ranges, and Correlation
Coefficients of 466 Pesticides and Chemical Pollutants Determined by GC-MS-MS 491
5.2.3 Linear Equations, Linear Ranges, and Correlation
Coefficients of 284 Environmental Pollutants Determined by GC-MS-MS 519
5.2.4 Linear Equations, Linear Ranges, and Correlation
Coefficients of Endosulfans Determined by GC-MSNCI 536
5.2.5 Linear Equations, Linear Ranges, and Correlation
Coefficients of 9 Environmental Pollutants Determined by LC-MS-MS 537
5.2.6 Linear Equations, Linear Ranges, and Correlation
Coefficients of 569 Pesticides and Chemical Pollutants Determined by LC-MS-MS 538
5.3 GPC Analytical Parameters of Pesticides and Chemical Pollutants 572
5.3.1 GPC Analytical Parameters of 744 Pesticides and Chemical Pollutants 572
5.3.2 GPC Analytical Parameters of 107 Pesticides and Chemical Pollutants 599
Appendix A： Index of 1039 Pesticides and Chemical Pollutants Determined
by GC-MS, GC-MS-MS and LC-MS-MS 603
Appendix B： Solvent Selected and Concentration of Mixed Standard
Solution of Pesticides and Chemical Pollutants 661
Appendix C： Physicochemical Properties of 900 Pesticides
and Chemical Pollutants 707
Appendix D： MRM Chromatograms of 493 Pesticides
and Related Chemicals 791
Index 857
內容試閱：
Food safety is a major security issue necessary to ensure the sound development of human society. The widespread use of pesticides, veterinary drugs, and other agricultural chemicals have contributed to widespread contamination in agricultural products. The long-term consumption of food with high residues of pesticides and veterinary drugs will cause both acute and chronic toxicity in humans and induce resistant strains, thus resulting in allergies, cancer, mutation, and teratogenicity. In order to ensure human health and food safety,countries all over the world have issued strict food safety and hygiene standards. The Peoples Republic of China PRC has implemented strict monitoring of pesticide and veterinary drug residues, such as maximum residue limits for veterinary drugs in food of animal origin Announcement No. 235 of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Peoples Republic of China and national food safety standards： Maximum residue limits for pesticides in food GB 2763- 2016. The commonly used pesticides and veterinary drugs approved in China and the main agricultural products of urban residents daily consumption are almost all covered.
The book is a systematic summary of the high-throughput chromatographymass spectrometry technique for the analysis of multipesticides, veterinary drugs, and other agricultural chemical residues in agriculture products of plant and animal origin. Its technical characteristics are mainly embodied in the simultaneous determination of hundreds of compounds, as well as low cost and high efficiency.
This book is divided into two volumes. In Volume 1, pesticides and related chemicals are selected as the main research object, while gas chromatographymass spectrometry GC-MS, gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry GC-MS-MS, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry LC-MSMS are concerned. This volume includes more than 20 analytical methods for the high-throughput analysis of multipesticide residues, and more than 1000 pesticides and related chemicals in more than 10 kinds of agricultural products and drinking water can be detected, and 400500 kinds of pesticide residues can be detected simultaneously with the pretreatment undertaken just once. The methods for the analysis of 793 pesticides and related chemical residues in foods of plant origin applicable to fruit juices, vegetable juices, fruit wines, fruits, vegetables, cereals, tea, Chinese medicinal herbs ramulus mori, honeysuckle, Chinese wolfberry, and lotus leaf, and edible fungi mushroom are introduced in Part 1; the methods for the analysis of 790 pesticides and related chemical residues in foods of animal origin applicable to honey, milk, milk powder, aquatic products globefish, eel, and prawn, and animal muscle tissues are presented in Part 2; while the methods for the analysis of 450 pesticides and related chemical residues in drinking water are introduced in Part 3. Furthermore, the three major parameter databases adopted in the analysis of more than 1000 pesticides and related chemicals are also included in this volume： ①chromatography-mass spectrometry characteristic parameters include retention time, quantitative and qualitative ions, fragment voltage and collision energy, etc.;②performance parameters of the methods include linear equation, linear range and correlation coefficient, etc.; and③gel permeation chromatography GPC purification analysis parameters.
In Volume 2, the methods for the analysis of 20 species nearly 200 kinds of veterinary drug residues in edible animal tissues muscle, liver, kidney, and fat, dairies milk and milk powder, bee products honey, royal jelly, and its lyophilized powder, aquatic products globefish, eel, and roasted eel and animal urine are selected as main subjects of study. The 65 analytical methods for the analysis of multiveterinary drug residues are described in different chapters by category sulfonamides, -adrenergic agonists, aminoglycosides, chloramphenicols,-lactams, macrolides, nitrofurans, anabolic steroids, nonsteroidal anabolic steroids, glucocorticoids, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, sedatives, pyrazolones, quinoxalines, nitromidazoles, benzimidazoles, levamisole, thiourea pyrimidines, and polyethers, and 90% of the methods are LC-MS-MS. Meanwhile the physical and chemical properties, efficacy, side effects, and maximum allowable residual limit of all the compounds are also provided.
In short, this book is the summary of the work of the author team who, for more than 20 years, engaged in the research and practice of detection technology of pesticides and veterinary drug residues. These methods for the analysis of pesticides and veterinary drugs are innovative research results based on the international frontier of pesticides and veterinary drug residue analysis, and the analytical techniques adopted are new technologies widely concerned in the field of residue analysis in the world today. The performance indexes of the methods can meet the requirements of the Codex Alimentarius Commission and the worlds major developed countries; meanwhile the methods are in conformity with the developing trend of international residue analysis and they are advanced in the world. In addition, the methods established in this book have become the current effective national standard methods in China and they can be used as the detection basis of relevant testing institutions and the law basis of the relevant government departments. Nevertheless, due to the limitations of the level, there may be unavoidable errors. We would kindly ask the users of this publication to provide feedback to the authors so that subsequent editions may be improved upon.
Guo-Fang Pang
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