Preface Study Region Summary 1 New Development Opportunities for Northeast Asia 01 1.1 Economy and Society 02 1.1.1 Macro Economy 02 1.1.2 Humanity and Society 03 1.1.3 Regional Cooperation 05 1.1.4 Development Strategy 07 1.2 Energy and Power 08 1.2.1 Energy Development 08 1.2.2 Power Development 12 1.3 Sustainable Development Ideas 16 1.3.1 Development Concept of Global Energy Interconnection 16 1.3.2 Sustainable Development Promoted by Northeast Asian Energy Interconnection 17 2 Energy and Power Development Trends and Outlooks 19 2.1 Energy Demand 20 2.1.1 Primary Energy 20 2.1.2 Final Energy 22 2.2 Power Demand 25 2.3 Power Supply 30 3 Development Layout of Clean Energy Resources 35 3.1 Distribution of Clean Energy Resources 36 3.1.1 Hydro Energy 36 3.1.2 Wind Energy 36 3.1.3 Solar Energy 37 3.2 Layout of Clean Energy Bases 38 3.2.1 Hydropower Bases 38 3.2.2 Wind Power Bases 40 3.2.3 Solar Power Bases 41 4 Power Grid Interconnection 43 4.1 Power Flow 44 4.1.1 Balance of Supply and Demand 44 4.1.2 Power Flow Scheme 45 4.2 Grid Interconnection 47 4.2.1 Overall pattern 47 4.2.2 Interconnection Scheme 50 4.3 Key Interconnection Projects 54 4.3.1 Key Projects in Short-Term 54 4.3.2 Key Projects in Medium- and Long-Term 56 4.4 Investment Estimation 58 4.4.1 Investment Estimation Principle 58 4.4.2 Investment Estimation Results 59 5 Comprehensive Benefits 61 5.1 Economic Benefits 62 5.2 Social Benefits 62 5.3 Environmental Benefits 63 5.4 Political Benefits 65 6 Policy and Mechanism 67 References 70