PREFACE
STUDY REGION
SUMMARY
1 Hydroenergy Resources Assessment and Development 001
1.1 Methods and Data 002
Resource Assessment Methods 002
Macro Site Selection Method 003
Basic Data and Parameters 006
1.2 Resource Assessment 010
Distribution of Water Systems 010
Hydrological Data 011
Land Covers 014
Geological Conditions 015
Overview of Hydroenergy Resources 018
Assessment Results 020
1.3 Base Development 030
1.3.1Development Status 030
1.3.2Exploration scheme of the Main Stream of Nelson river 031
2 Wind Energy Resources Assessment and Development 039
2.1 Methods and Data 040
Resource Assessment Methods 040
Macro Site Selection Method 044
Basic Data and Parameters 046
2.2 Resource Assessment 053
Distribution of Wind Speeds 053
Land Covers 054
Distribution of Conservation Areas 055
Transportation Facilities 055
2.2.5Grid Facilities 057
Assessment Results 059
2.3 Power Bases Development 068
Development Status 068
Layout of Bases 069
Overview of Bases 070
Study on Site Selection of Bases 074
3 Solar Energy Resources Assessment and Development 085
3.1 Methods and Data 086
Resource Assessment Method 086
Macro Site Selection Method 088
Basic Data and Parameters 090
3.2 Resource Assessment 094
Distribution of Global Horizontal Irradiance 094
Land Covers 095
Distribution of Terrains 096
Assessment Results 098
3.3 Development of Photovoltaic Bases 105
Development Status 105
Layout of Bases 106
Overview of Bases 107
Study on Site Selection of Bases 110
4 Outbound Transmission of Large-scale Renewable Energy Bases 121
4.1 Forecast of Electricity Demand 122
4.2 Hydrogen Production and Hydrogen Energy Utilization for Clean Electricity 124
4.3 Eastern North America 127
Power Delivery Direction 127
Power Transmission Mode 128
4.4 Western North America 130
Power Delivery Direction 130
Power Transmission Mode 131
4.5 Quebec, Canada 133
4.5.1Power Delivery Direction 133
4.5.2Power Transmission Mode 133
5 Policy Environment and Investment and Financing Suggestions 135
5.1 Overview of Investment and Financing Policies of North American Countrie136
5.2 Policy Environment for Major Countries in North America 138
The United States 138
Canada 140
Mexico 142
5.3 Investment and Financing Proposal 144
5.3.1Making full use of market-based financing 144
5.3.2Issuing financial products such as stocks and bonds based
on project income 144
5.4 Summary 146
EPILOGUE 147
內容試閱：
Energy is an important foundation for economic and social development. Mankind uses energy, historically we have converted energy sources from firewood to fossil such as coal, oil, and natural gas, to renewable energy such as hydro, wind and solar energy, every change is accompanied by a huge leap in productivity and major progress in human civilization. Energy, as the driving force for the development of modern society, contributes to the nation’s economy and its citizens’ interactive dynamic, as well as to their welfare. The massive development and use of traditional fossil energy has led to increasingly prominent problems such as resource shortages, environmental pollution, and climate change, which seriously threaten human survival and sustainable development. In essence, the core of sustainable development is clean development. The key is to promote renewable energy, and replace fossil energy with renewable energy such as solar, wind, and hydropower.Scientific and accurate quantitative assessment of resources is the critical foundation for large-scale development and utilization of renewable energy. At present, the globally installed capacity of hydro, wind and solar power has exceeded 30% of the installed capacity of power sources. Although some achievements have been made in the development of renewable energy, there is still potential for it to expand. Therefore, it is of great importance to conduct a fine assessment on resource reserves. On the basis of establishing and improving the global renewable energy resources database, the Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization GEIDCO has established an assessment system and digital fine assessment models for renewable energy resources. These models carry out systematic calculation and quantitative assessment of theoretical potential, technical potential installed capacity and economic potential installed capacity of hydro, wind and solar energies from a global perspective. An achievement of the Global Renewable-energy Exploitation ANalysis GREAN platform has been made, thereby the accuracy and timeliness of global renewable energy resources assessment will be effectively improved, subsequently providing an important support for large-scale development and utilization of renewable energy in relevant countries and regions.Systematic and efficient macro site selection of power bases is an important prerequisite for large-scale development and utilization of renewable energy. The site selection of renewable energy power bases is related to the cost-effectiveness of power station development, which crucially contributes to economic development and the efficient utilization of renewable energy. There are many factors affecting the site selection of power bases, hence the site selection analyses and decision-making process are convoluted. The desk top study of site selection is often limited by the integrity and accuracy of data. Site selection must rely on site surveys, which requires a huge amount of manpower, financial resources and time. By taking into account factors such as global topography and terrain elevation, land covers, water systems, natural reserves, geology and historical seismic activity frequency, power supply and power grid, population and economy, GEIDCO has developed a set of basic database, models and tools for macro site selection for renewable energy power bases which significantly increase the breadth and depth of data collection and analysis processes, thereby, greatly improving the accuracy, economy and effectiveness of the desk top study of site selection, and achieving systematic achievements in promoting the development of global renewable energy resources. The data collected and analyzed by such models and tools are referred as “Reference Book” and “Data Manual” and used during the world''s energy strategy research and policy formulation.Focusing on the world’s resource assessment and base development of all continents, GEIDCO has prepared a series of scientific reports on renewable energy development and investment globally, specifically in continents such as Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, Central and South America and Oceania. This report is one of the renewable energy research series focusing on North America, which fully shows the achievements in the assessment of renewable energy resources and the site selection of large-scale power bases in North America. In Chapters 1, 2 and 3, the resource assessment of hydroenergy, and the resource assessment and base development research of wind and solar energy in North America were completed by digital methods. Firstly, the methods, models and data of resource assessment and site selection are introduced respectively. In terms of hydropower, the theoretical potential of hydroenergy resources in major river basins of North America is calculated, and a cascade development scheme is proposed for typical river sections to be developed. In terms of wind and photovoltaic power, on the basis of comprehensive calculation and analysis of the main factors affecting centralized development, the theoretical potential, technical potential installed capacity and economic potential installed capacity of wind and solar energy in all countries and regions of North America have been calculated. Preliminary quantitative assessment is made on the scale of distributed development of wind power in the context of selected countries in North America. Using the GREAN platform, the site selection and layout of large-scale onshore wind power bases and large-scale solar photovoltaic power bases in North America are proposed, and the assessment of development conditions, development scale and the calculation of technical and economic indicators are completed. In chapter 4, based on the development trend of energy and electricity supply and demand in North America, the power transmission direction and mode of large-scale renewable energy bases are studied and analyzed by coordinating the regional, trans-regional and trans-continental power consumption markets. Chapter 5 reviews the energy policies and investment status of major countries in North America, analyzes the typical investment modes of renewable energy development projects, conducts case studies in the development schemes of large-scale hydro, wind and solar power bases in North America, and proposes suggestions on policies and investment modes to speed up clean development in North America.The Global Renewable Energy Development and Investment series of reports made by the GEIDCO are committed to providing guidance and reference for the large-scale development and utilization of renewable energy around the world and accelerating the implementation of clean alternatives on the energy supply side. This report provides guidelines and acts as a reference guide for government departments, international organizations, energy enterprises, financial institutions, universities and relevant individuals who take part in renewable energy resource assessment, strategic research, project development, international cooperation, etc. However, due to the time constraints for data collection and report research writing timeframe, the contents may be incomplete. Comments and suggestions are welcome for further improvements.
購物車/收銀台(
0
) | 在線留言板
| 付款方式
| 運費計算
| 聯絡我們
| 幫助中心 |
加入書簽
HOME
新書上架
