Chapter 1 Made in China 2025 001
1.1 Brief Overview 001
1.2 Background and Stated Goals 002
1.3 Key Industries 002
1.4 Key Industries MIC 2025 Changes the Terms of the Game 003
Notes and References 004
Chapter 2 Intelligent Manufacturing 006
2.1 Introduction of Intelligent Manufacturing 006
2.2 Three Basic Paradigms of Intelligent Manufacturing 006
2.2.1 Digital Manufacturing 007
2.2.2 Digital-Networked Manufacturing 008
2.2.3 New-Generation Intelligent Manufacturing 009
2.3 New-Generation Intelligent Manufacturing Leads and Promotes the New Industrial Revolution 010
2.3.1 Development Background 010
2.3.2 New-Generation Intelligent Manufacturing as a Core Technology of the New Industrial Revolution 010
2.3.3 Vision 011
2.4 The Technological Mechanism of New-Generation Intelligent Manufacturing: the Human-Cyber-Physical System 011
2.4.1 Traditional Manufacturing and the Human-Physical System 012
2.4.2 Digital Manufacturing, Digital-Networked Manufacturing and the Human-Cyber-Physical System (HCPS) 012
2.4.3 New-Generation Intelligent Manufacturing and the New-Generation HCPS 013
Notes and References 014
Chapter 3 Nanomanufacturing 016
3.1 Top-Down Versus Bottom-Up Processes 018
3.2 Top-Down Fabrication 019
3.3 Photolithography 019
3.4 Nanoimprint Lithography 020
3.5 Other Top-Down Techniques 022
3.6 Bottom-Up Fabrication 023
3.7 Colloidal Sel-f Assembly 024
3.8 DNA-Based Sel-f Assembly 024
3.9 Directed Self-Assembly: Top-Down Combined with Bottom Up 025
3.9.1 Directed Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers 025
3.9.2 Fluidic Assembly 026
3.9.3 Damped-Driven Systems 027
3.9.4 Design for Nanomanufacturing 027
Notes and References 028
Chapter 5 Robot Manufacturing 045
5.1 Etymology 046
5.2 Robotic Aspects 046
5.3 Applications 047
5.4 Components 048
5.4.1 Power Source 048
5.4.2 Actuation 048
5.4.3 Sensing 049
5.4.4 Manipulation 050
5.4.5 Locomotion 051
5.4.6 Environmental Interaction and Navigation 054
5.4.7 Human-Robot Interaction 055
5.5 Control 056
5.6 Research 057
5.7 Education and Training 059
5.7.1 Career Training 059
5.7.2 Certification 059
5.7.3 Summer Robotics Camp 059
5.7.4 Robotics Competitions 059
5.7.5 Robotics Afterschool Programs 060
5.7.6 Decolonial Educational Robotics 060
5.8 Employment 060
5.9 Occupational Safety and Health Implications 061
Notes and References 061
Chapter 6 Electric Car 063
6.1 Terminology 063
6.2 History 064
6.3 Economics 066
6.3.1 Total Cost of Ownership 066
6.3.2 Purchase Cost 066
6.3.3 Operating Cost 067
6.3.4 Manufacturing Cost 067
6.4 Environmental Aspects 067
6.5 Performance 067
6.6 Energy Efficiency 068
6.7 Safety 069
6.7.1 Risk of Fire 069
6.7.2 Vehicle Safety 069
6.8 Controls 070
6.9 Batteries 070
6.9.1 Range 070
6.9.2 Charging 071
6.9.3 Lifespan 071
6.9.4 Future 071
6.10 Electric Vehicle Charging Patents 072
6.11 Infrastructure 072
6.11.1 Charging Station 072
6.11.2 Vehicle-to-Grid: Uploading and Grid Buffering 073
6.12 Currently Available Electric Cars 073
6.12.1 Highway Capable 073
6.12.2 Retrofitted Electric Vehicles 074
6.12.3 Electric Cars by Country 074
6.13 Government Policies and Incentives 074
6.14 EV Plans From Major Manufacturers 075
6.15 Psychological Barriers to Adoption 075
6.15.1 Range Anxiety 075
6.15.2 Identity Concerns 075
Notes and References 076
Chapter 7 Electric Power Transmission 078
7.1 System 079
7.2 Overhead Transmission 079
7.3 Underground Transmission 080
7.4 History 080
7.5 Bulk Power Transmission 082
7.5.1 Grid Input 084
7.5.2 Losses 084
7.5.3 Transposition 085
7.5.4 Subtransmission 086
7.5.5 Transmission Grid Exit 086
7.6 Advantage of High-Voltage Power Transmission 086
7.7 High-Voltage Direct Current 086
7.8 Capacity 087
7.9 Control 088
7.9.1 Load Balancing 088
7.9.2 Failure Protection 089
7.10 Communications 089
7.11 Electricity Market Reform 090
7.12 Cost of Electric Power Transmission 090
7.13 Merchant Transmission 090
7.14 Health Concerns 091
7.15 Policy by Country 092
7.16 Special Transmission 093
7.16.1 Grids for Railways 093
7.16.2 Superconducting Cables 093
Notes and References 093
Chapter 8 China Ultrahigh Voltage Project 095
8.1 Research History and Background of UHV Transmission 096
8.1.1 Russia (The Former USSR) 096
8.1.2 Japan 097
8.1.3 The USA 097
8.1.4 Italy 099
8.1.5 Canada 099
8.1.6 Brazil 100
8.1.7 China 100
8.2 Target Design and Research Background of China’s UHV System 101
8.2.1 The Demand and Goals Analysis of UHV Transmission in China 101
8.2.2 Important Innovations and Progress 104
8.2.3 UHV AC and DC Key Technologies Researches and Achievements 105
8.3 Equipment Manufacturing 111
8.3.1 UHV AC Equipment Manufacture 111
8.3.2 UHV DC Equipment Manufacture 113
Notes and References 114
Chapter 9 Advanced External Insulation Protection System 116
9.1 Transparent and Superhydrophobic Coating for the Solar Panels 116
9.1.1 Materials 117
9.1.2 Preparation of Silica Nanoparticle Suspension 117
9.1.3 Preparation of Superhydrophobic Coating 117
9.1.4 Characterization 118
9.1.5 Results and Discussion 118
9.2 The Superhydrophobic Graphene Coating for Anti-Corrosion Application 123
9.2.1 Materials 124
9.2.2 Preparation of EEG 124
9.2.3 Preparation of Superhydrophobic Composite Coating 124
9.2.4 Characterization 125
9.2.5 Results and Discussion 125
9.3 The Superhydrophobic Steel for Anti-Corrosion Application 129
9.3.1 Materials 130
9.3.2 The Preparation of Micro Nano Roughness 130
9.3.3 Ultrasonic Treatment 130
9.3.4 Surface Modification 130
9.3.5 Characterization 130
9.3.6 Results and Discussion 131
9.4 The Graphene Semiconductor Superhydrophobic Coating for Anti-Icing Application 135
9.4.1 Materials 136
9.4.2 Preparation of Hydrophobic Powders 137
9.4.3 Dissolution and Resolidifcation Process to Construct Superhydrophobic Sample 137
9.4.4 Characterization 137
9.4.5 Icing/Deicing Test 137
9.4.6 Results and Discussion 138
9.5 The Self-Healable Graphene Coating for Anti-Icing Application 143
9.5.1 Materials 145
9.5.2 The Synthesis of Prepolymer A 145
9.5.3 The Synthesis of Prepolymer B 145
9.5.4 Preparation of Hydrophobic CNT Powders 145
9.5.5 Preparation of Hydrophobic CNT Solution 145
9.5.6 Preparation of Self-Healing Superhydrophobic Coating 146
9.5.7 Characterization 146
9.5.8 Icing/Deicing Test 146
9.5.9 Results and Disscussion 146
Notes and References 152
Chapter 10 Thermal Ageing Mechanism of Advanced Electrical Insulation Materials—Taking Oiled Paper Insulation as an Example 154
10.1 Introduction of Oiled Paper Insulation 154
10.2 Experimental Plan Design 155
10.2.1 Typical Defect Model and Experimental Wiring of Oil-Paper Insulation 155
10.2.2 Selection and Treatment of Oil-Paper Insulation Samples 157
10.2.3 Accelerated Ageing of Insulating Paperboard 158
10.3 Surface Discharge Deterioration Law of Transformer Oil-Paper Insulation 160
10.3.1 Initial Discharge Voltage and Discharge Endurance Time of Transformer Oil-Paper Insulation 160
10.3.2 Description of Surface Discharge Deterioration Phenomenon of Oil-Paper Insulation of Transformer and Division of Discharge Development Degree 161
10.3.3 Variation Law of Characteristic Quantity of Surface Discharge of Transformer Oil-Paper Insulation 164
10.4 Development Law of Tip Discharge Deterioration of Transformer Oil-Paper Insulation 174
10.4.1 Initial Discharge Voltage and Discharge Endurance Time of the Transformer Oil-Paper Insulation Tip Discharge 174
10.4.2 Phenomenon Description of Discharge Development of Transformer Oil-Paper Insulation Tip and Division of Discharge Development Process 174
10.4.3 Variation Law of Characteristic Quantities of Discharge at the Tip of Transformer Oil-Paper Insulation 177
10.5 Reasons for the Influence of Ageing of Insulating Paperboard on the Development of Partial Discharge of Oil-Paper Insulation 184
10.5.1 Basic Structure of Insulation Paperboard 184
10.5.2 Analysis of the Microscopic Properties of Insulating Paperboard with Different Ageing Degrees 186
10.5.3 Explanation of the Influence of Ageing of Insulating Paperboard on the Development of Discharge 189
10.6 Summary of This Chapter 191
Notes and References 191
Chapter 11 Intelligent Diagnosis Method of Advanced Electrical Equipment 193
11.1 Technology and Application of Intelligent Sensing and State Sensing for Transformation Equipment 193
11.1.1 Introduction 193
11.1.2 Data Situation 195
11.1.3 Key Technology 197
11.1.4 Application Scenarios 202
11.1.5 Facing Challenges and Future Trends 208
11.2 Typical Application and Prospect of Digital Twin Technology in Power Grid Operation 209
11.2.1 Introduction of Digital Twin Technology 209
11.2.2 Digital Twin 211
11.2.3 Digital Twin Power Grid System 213
11.2.4 Typical Applications and Prospects of Digital Twin Power Grids 218
11.2.5 Conclusion 227
11.3 Technologies and Solutions of Blockchain Application in Power Equipment Ubiquitous Internet of Things 228
11.3.1 Introduction 228
11.3.2 Ubiquitous IoT Architecture Design for Power Equipment based on Blockchain 230
11.3.3 Key Technology 235
11.3.4 Technology Outlook 238
11.3.5 Conclusion 239
Notes and References 240
內容試閱:
With the emergence of new technologies, new processes and new products,the content about machinery industry should be updated and improved in time. Especially,there are new requirements and targets for mechanical engineering teaching with the proposal of “Made in China 2025”. Based on “Made in China 2025”,this book not only meets the professional English learning needs of mechanical engineering students in universities,but also further highlights the characteristics of the power industry. On the occasion of the beginning of the 14th Five-Year Plan,this book focuses on the latest research frontier of intelligent manufacturing and advanced electrical technology to make the students of mechanical and electrical engineering understand and master the hot issues of intelligent manufacturing.
This book is divided into 11 chapters,and each part has its own emphasis. Readers can choose different parts to read according to their own areas of expertise. The first chapter is the English version of “Made in China 2025”, which can be used to carry out ideological and political courses to improve national confidence. The second chapter is about intelligent manufacturing, which summarizes the comments of academician Zhou Ji and Li Peigen on the development of intelligent manufacturing. The third chapter is about nanomanufacturing. Professor J.Alexander Liddle’s overview of the mainstream micro/nano fabrication technology at home and abroad is summarized. The fourth chapter briefly summarizes the mainstream technology of 3D printing. The fifth chapter is a brief overview of robots. The sixth chapter focuses on electric vehicles. The seventh chapter systematically expounds the development status and problems of our country’s electric power transmission. The eighth chapter summarizes the pride of China’s power system—ultrahigh voltage project. The chapters from nine to eleven are extended reading, which introduces the advanced electrical equipment’s insulation protection strategy,insulation ageing mechanism,and intelligent diagnosis method,respectively. Through the study of this book,the readers not only can understand the relevant technical knowledge background,but also can be familiar with and master the relevant technical words,phrases and specific usage.
This book is edited by Wang Peng and Xie Jun. Graduate students Chen Tao,Zhang Xuesong, Zhao Hui,Yang Mengyu,Han Lei,Sun Bin,Huai Jiru and Chen Qigong have done a lot of work in literature search,grammar check and format proofreading. I would like to extend my sincere thanks here!
Thanks to the favor of relevant experts and leaders in the Graduate School of North China Electric Power University,this book was honored to be supported by the “Double First-Class” Postgraduate Talent Training and Construction Project. Here, I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to North China Electric Power University for its love and strong support!
Due to the limited level and the short time to write the book,it is inevitable that there are omissions and mistakes,I sincerely ask the readers to criticize and correct.